Reasoning Quiz For SBI PO - Puzzles

Directions (Q. 1-5): Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given below. 

Five friends P, Q, R, S and T are Musician, Architect, Doctor, Engineer and Artist by profession and like White, Blue, Red, Yellow and Green colour but not necessarily in that order.l The person whose hobby is dancing preferred lemonade to cola while others preferred cola tolemonade in beverages. The four friends who took cola were P, the one who is an engineer, the person whose favourite colour is Green and the one whose hobby is net surfing. S did not take lemonade and his favourite colour is White. Q’s favourite colour is Blue. He did not like lemonade. T’s hobby is not painting, reading or gardening. S clicks a picture of his friend who is an engineer. The person whose favourite colour is Red likes painting and the person who is artist likes gardening. S is not a doctor. The person who is a doctor takes cola. The person who is an engineer likes Blue colour. The musician’s favourite colour is not Yellow. R’s favourite colour is Green.

1. Who among the following is a Doctor?

1) R 

2) P 

3) S

4) Can’t say 

5) None of these

2. Q’s hobby is

1) reading 

2) painting 

3) gardening

4) Can’t say 

5) None of these

3. The person who likes Blue colour is a/an

1) architect 

2) musician 

3) engineer

4) Can’t say 

5) None of these

4) Can’t say 

5) None of these

4. Whose favourite colour is Yellow?

1) T 

2) R

3) The one who is an artist 

4) Can’t say

5) None of these

5. Which of the following combinations is not correctly matched?

1) T – Architect – Yellow – Dancing – Cola

2) R – Artist – Green – Gardening – Cola

3) Q – Engineer – Blue – Reading – Cola

4) P – Doctor – Red – Painting – Cola

5) None of these

Directions (Q. 6-10): Study the following information and answer the questions that follow:

Eight students A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H in a school NDAN sports competition participated in a game in which they were sitting around a circular ring. The seats of the ring are not directed towards the centre. All the eight students are in four groups I, II, III and IV, ie two students in each group, but not necessarily in the same order. These students are from different sport houses, viz Maharishi,Vyas, Aryabhatt, Vashistha, Shankaracharya, Balmiki, Dhruv and Dayanand.l No two students of the same group are sitting adjacent to each other except those of group III. Students from group IV are sitting opposite each other.l D is neither in Dayanand nor in Aryabhatt house. l The student from Dhruv house is sitting on the immediate right of the student from Dayanand house.l C, who is in Vashistha house, is in group I. She is sitting on the immediate right of F, who is in group III.l F is not in Aryabhatt house and she has also participated in other sports.l B from Vyas house is neither in group IV nor in group I or II.l B is sitting opposite E. Only Balmiki participant A is sitting between Dhruv participant E and theShankaracharya participant.l Both the students of group II are sitting adjacent to students of group IV.

6. Who is in Maharishi house?

1) G 

2) F 

3) H

4) Can’t say 

5) None of these

7. ‘H’ is in which house?

1) Dayanand 

2) Shankaracharya

3) Maharishi 

4) Can’t say

5) None of these

8. Who among the following students are in group IV?

1) A and B 

2) A and C 

3) G and H

4) Data inadequate 

5) None of these

9. The student from which house is sitting opposite the Vashistha house participant?

1) Dayanand 

2) Shankaracharya 

3) Dhruv

4) Can’t Say 

5) None of these

10. Which of the following statements is false?

1) The Balmiki representative is sitting opposite the Maharishi house representative.

2) The Vyas house representative is sitting opposite the Dhruv house representative.

3) H and G are sitting opposite each other.

4) The two girl-participants are sitting opposite each other.

5) None of these

Answer:-

1. (2)

2. (1) 

3. (3) 

4. (1)

5. (1)

6. (2)

7. (4)

8. (3)

9. (2) 

10. (4)

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Reasoning Quiz For IBPS

Directions (Q. 1-5): In each of the questions below, two/three statements are given followed by

conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume all the statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with the commonly known facts and then decide which of the given two conclusions logically follows from the information given in the statements. Give answer 

1) if only conclusion I follows

2) if only conclusion II follows

3) if either conclusion I or II follows

4) if neither conclusion I nor II follows

5) if both conclusions I and II follow.

(1-5):

Statements:        Some data are sufficient.

                             No sufficient is a statement.

                             No data is a question.

1.                        

Conclusions:      I. All questions can never be sufficient.

                            II. No statement is a data.

2. 

Conclusions:       I. Some questions are sufficient.

                             II. No question is a statement.

(3-4):

Statements:            All numerics are alphabets.

                                All alphabets are written.

                                No written is verbal.

3. Conclusions:        I. No numeric is verbal.

                                  II. All written are alphabets.

4. Conclusions:        I. No alphabet is verbal.

                                  II. All numerics are written.

5. Statements:          Some clouds are rains.

                                  All rains are ice.

Conclusions:            I. At least some clouds are ice.

                                  II. At least some ice is rain.

Directions (Q. 5-10): Study the following information and answer the given questions.

In a certain code language ‘driving is not easy’ is written as ‘jo ro ho go’, ‘rough and tough driving’ is written as ‘no sa jo da’, ‘looks easy but dangerous’ is written as ‘ai ro to po’, and ‘is rough tough dangerous driving’ is written as ‘ho jo no ai da’

6. What is the code for ‘easy’ in the given code language?

1) go 

2) no 

3) sa 

4) ro 

5) no

7. What is the code for ‘tough’ in the given code language?

1) no 

2) da 

3) sa

4) Either sa or da 

5) Either no or da

8. What may be the possible code for ‘rough but nice’?

1) po bi no 

2) no po ai 

3) no to po

4) no to ai 

5) ta jo bi

9. What may be the possible code for ‘easy and solved’ in the given code language?

1) sa go ro 

2) sa ro cu 

3) no ro sa

4) cu ro go 

5) sa ro to

10. What is the code for ‘dangerous’ in the given code language?

1) no 

2) sa 

3) to 

4) ai 

5) ho

Answer:-
(1-2) :

1. (4); All questions can be sufficient. Hence, conclusion I does not follow.
Statement may be data. Hence conclusion II does not follow.

2. (4); Some questions may not be sufficient. Hence, conclusion I does not follow.

Question may be a statement. Hence conclusion II does not follow.

(3-4)

3. (1);  
No numeric is verbal. So No verbal is numeric, alphabet  and written. Hence, I follows.

All written are alphabets. some written are alphabets.  But All written are not alphabets. Hence conclusion II does not follow.

4. (5);  No alphabet is verbal. same as 3rd question. Hence, I follows.
All numerics are written. some written are numerics. Some numerics are also written. Hence conclusion II follow.

5. (5); 

At least some clouds are ice. Hence, I follows.

At least some ice is rain. Hence conclusion II follow.

(6-10):
driving is not easy  ==>  jo ro ho go  ... (i)
rough and tough driving  ==>  no sa jo da ... (ii)
looks easy but dangerous  ==>  ai ro to po         ... (iii)
is rough tough dangerous driving  ==>  ho jo no ai da    ... (iv)
From (i), (ii) and (iv) driving ==>  jo     ... (v)
From (i), (iv) and (v) is  ==>  ho                ... (vi)
From (i) and (iii) easy  ==>  ro             ... (vii)
From (i), (v), (vi) and (vii) not ==>  go                          ... (viii)
From (ii), (iv) and (v) rough/tough  ==>  no/da ...(ix)
From (ii), (v) and (ix) and  ==> sa ... (x)
From (iii) and (iv) dangerous  ==> ai      ...(xi)
From (iii), (vii) and (xi) looks/but  ==>   to/po          ... (xii)


6. (4)
7. (5)
8. (1) 
9. (2) 
10. (4)

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Reasoning Quiz For IBPS Exam

Directions (Q. 1-5): In each question below is given a statement followed by three courses of action numbered A, B and C. A course of action is a step or administrative decision to be taken for improvement, follow-up or further action with regard to the problem, policy, etc. On the basis of the information given in the statement, you have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follows for pursuing.

1. Statement: There has been a continuous increase in the number of dropout students of Govt-run primary schools in the state.

Courses of action:

(A) Govt should immediately set up a committee to review the situation and suggest measures to

reverse the trend.

(B) Govt should conduct orientation programmes for parents of the students, emphasising on the need

for educating their children.

(C) Govt should close down such state-run primary schools where dropout rates are more than fifty

per cent.

1) Only (A) follows 

2) Only (B) follows

3) Only (C) follows 

4) Only (A) and (B) follow

5) None of these

2. Statement: Every year during monsoon, the condition of most of the roads in the city deteriorates causing immense problem to the commuters.

Courses of action:

(A) The civic body should include a heavy penalty clause while awarding future contracts for road

repairs.

(B) The civic officials in charge of maintenance of city roads should be asked to explain why the

condition of the roads worsens every year.

(C) General public should avoid taking their vehicles out during monsoon.

1) Only (A) follows 

2) Only (B) follows

3) Only (A) and (B) follow 

4) Only (B) and (C) follow

5) None of these

3. Statement: During the past few days more and more number of indoor patients of the local Govt hospital have been diagnosed to be suffering from malaria.

Courses of action:

(A) All such patients as are suffering from malaria should immediately be discharged from the

hospital.

(B) The hospital authority should immediately put a ban on admitting new patients into the hospital.

(C) All such patients as are suffering from malaria should be kept in an isolated ward.

1) Only (A) follows 

2) Only (B) follows

3) Only (C) follows 

4) None follows

5) None of these

4. Statements: Many public sector undertakings have been making losses for the past few years and the situation is equally bad in the current year.

Courses of action:

(A) These loss-making public sector companies should immediately be closed down.

(B) The Govt should scout for potential buyers in the private sector to sell these companies to get

back part of the investments made by the Govt.

(C) All the employees of these companies should be retrenched with adequate compensation and the

fixed assets may be put up for sale.

1) None follows

2) Only (A) and (B) follow

3) Only (B) and (C) follow

4) All (A), (B) and (C) follow

5) None of these

5. Statement: Many shops in the local market have extended their shops and occupied most part of the footpath in front of their shops.

Courses of action:

(A) The civic authority should immediately activate a task force to clear all the footpaths encroached

by the shop owners.

(B) The civic authority should charge hefty penalty to the shop owners for occupying the footpath.

(C) The civic authority should set up a monitoring system so that such encroachments do not recur

in future.

1) None follows

2) Only (A) and (B) follow

3) Only (B) and (C) follow

4) All (A), (B) and (C) follow

5) None of these

6. In which of the following expressions will the expression ‘P < F’ be definitely false?

1) F = B > P >= M 

2) P > B >= M = F 

3) P <= B < F >= M

4) B < P < M < F 

5) None of these

Directions (Q. 7-8): Read the following information carefully and answer the questions which

follow:

‘A × B’ means A is son of B.

‘A + B’ means A is father of B.

‘A > B’ means A is daughter of B.

‘A < B’ means A is wife of B.

7. Which of the following pairs of persons represent first cousins with regard to the relations given in the expressions, if it is provided that A is the sister of J,

‘L > V < J + P’ and ‘S × A < D + F < E + K’?

1) LP 

2) SP 

3) SK

4) SF 

5) Can’t be determined

8. What will come in place of question mark (?), if it is provided that M is grandmother of F in the expression ‘F × R < S ? M’?

1) > 

2) < 

3) +

4) × 

5) Can’t be determined

9. In which of the following expressions will the expression P < M be definitely true?

1) M < R > P <= S 

2) M <= S = P < F 

3) Q < M < F = P

4) P = A < R < M 

5) None of these

10. In a class of 42 children, Joseph’s rank is sixteenth from the top. Kevin is seven ranks below Joseph. What is Kevin’s rank from the bottom?

1) 22nd 

2) 20th 

3) 19th 

4) 23rd 

5) 25th

Answer:-

1. (4); (A) is the standard procedure in such cases.

(B) is likely to draw students to schools.
But (C) is a negative action.

2. (3); (A) follows because such a clause would act as a deterrent to inferior standard of construction. (B) is an obvious course of action.
(C) does not follow because it is tantamount to shying away from the real problem.

3. (3); Going for (A) or (B) is running away from responsibility.
(C) follows as this will help check further cases of infection.

4. (5); (B) is the course of action that should be taken.

5. (4); (A) would put an end to the current round of encroachment.
(B) would act as a deterrent.
(C) is the ultimate preventive step.

6. (2); Check options one by one.
1) F = B > P >= M Thus, F > P or P < F is true. Hence does not follow.
2) P > B >= M = F This leads us to P > F is true. Hence P < F is false. Hence 2) follows.
3) P <= B < F >= M This leads us to P < F is true. Hence does not follow.
4) B < P ? M < F This leads us to P < F is true. Hence does not follow.

7. (2);

Hence, S is cousin of P.

8. (5); If we put >, then, there is contradiction that S > M means S is daughter of M but we have S is the husband of R. Again, if we put <, then also it contradicts the statement.

Now, we put +. Then we get,

Hence, M is either grandmother or
grandfather of F.

9. (4); Check options one by one.
1) M < R > P <= S We can’t compare M and P. Hence does not follow.
2) M <= S = P < F This leads to M ? P. Hence does not follow.
3) Q < M < F = P This leads to M < P. Hence, does not follow.
4) P = A < R < M This leads to P < M is true. Hence follows.

10. (2); Kevin’s rank from the top = (16 + 7) = 23rd
Now Kevin’s rank from the bottoms = (42 – 23 + 1) = 20th

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Reasoning Quiz For IBPS Exam

Directions (Q. 1-4): In these questions, relationship between different elements is shown in the

statements. The statements are followed by two conclusions. Give answer

1) if only conclusion I is true.

2) if only conclusion II is true.

3) if either conclusion I or II is true.

4) if neither conclusion I nor II is true.

5) if both conclusions I and II are true.

1. Statements:             A >= B = C, B < D <= E

    Conclusions:           I. D > A 

                                     II. E > C

2. Statements:             L > U >= K; Z < U < R

    Conclusions:          I. L > Z 

                                    II. K < R

3. Statement:             Y < J = P >= R > I

    Conclusions:          I. J > I 

                                    II. Y < R

4. Statements:           V >= K > M = N; M > S; T < K

    Conclusions:         I. T < N 

                                   II. V = S

Directions: (Q. 5-9): Each of the questions below consists of a questions and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient to answer the questions. Read both the statements and give answer

1) if the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement II

alone are not sufficient to answer the question 

2) if the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement I

alone are not sufficient to answer the question.

3) if the data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.

4) if the data given in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.

5) if the data in both statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

5. How is J related to K?

I. J’s father P is brother of N. N is K’s wife.

II. J is son of P. P is brother of N. N is K’s wife.

6. On which floor of the building does G stay? (The building has five floors 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

I. Only the even-numbered floors are occupied and G does not stay on the second floor.

II. G does not stay on an odd-numbered floor.

7. How many days did Raju take to complete his assignment?

I. Mohit correctly remembers that Raju took more than 3 days but less than 9 days to complete his assignment.

II. Mina correctly remembers that Raju took more than 7 days but less than 11 days to complete his

assignment.

8. How is the word ‘GATES’ coded in the code language?

I. ‘BRICK’ is coded as ‘LDJSC’ and ‘PIN’ is coded as ‘OJQ’.

II. ‘WATER’ is coded as ‘SFUBX’ and ‘DISH’ is coded as ‘ITJE’.

9. Among A, B, C, D, which school has the highest number of students?

I. School A has fewer students than school D.

II. School C has fewer students than school D.

Directions: (Q. 10-14): Study the following information to answer the given questions:

Six persons C, D, E, F, G and H are standing in a straight line facing north but not necessarily in the same order. D is standing second to the right of F. C is standing fourth to the left of H and H is not standing on the extreme end of the line. E is standing second to the right of D.

10. What is the position of G with respect to E?

1) Immediate left 

2) Second to the left

3) Third to the left 

4) Third to the right

5) None of these

11. Which of the following pairs represents the people standing at the extreme ends of the line?

1) F, H 

2) C, E 

3) D, E

4) C, H 

5) None of these

12. Who is standing second to the right of C?

1) F 

2) D 

3) G 

4) E 

5) None of these

13. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way based on their positions in the above arrangement and so form a group. Which of the following does not belong to that group?

1) C, G 

2) G, E 

3) G, H 

4) D, E 

5) F, D

14. If all the persons are asked to stand in alphabetical order from left to right, the positions of how many will remain unchanged?

1) One 

2) Two 

3) Three

4) None 

5) None of these

1. (2); Given statements: A >= B = C .. (i)
                                          B < D <= E ... (ii)
Combining both statements, we get A >= B < D <= E
Thus, we can’t compare A and D. Hence conclusion I (D > A) is not true.
Again, B = C < D <= E.  Thus, C < E or E > C is true. Hence, conclusion II is true.

2. (5); Given statements:  L > U >= K ... (i)
                                          Z < U < R ... (ii)
Combining both statements, we get L > U > Z
Thus, L > Z is true. Hence conclusion I is true.
Again, K ? U < R. Thus, K < R is true. Hence conclusion II is true.

3. (1); Given statements:
Y < J = P >= R > I Thus, J > I is true. Hence conclusion I is true.
Again, we can’t compare Y and R. Hence, II is not true.

4. (4); Given statements:
    V >= K > M = N ... (i)
    M > S ... (ii)
    T < K              ... (iii)
Combining (i) and (iii), we get T < K > M = N
We can’t compare T and N. Hence conclusion I (T < N) is not true.
Again, combining (i) and (ii)
V >= K > M > S Thus, conclusion II (V = S) is not true.

5. (2);

Hence, J is either Niece or Nephew of K.
Thus, I is not sufficient to answer the question because gender of J is not given.

Hence J is Nephew of K.
Only II is sufficient to answer the question.

6. (1); From I.  G occupied even-numbered floor. So, G stays either on floor 2 or on floor 4. But G does not stay on the second floor. So, G stays on the fourth floor. Thus, only I is sufficient to answer the question.
From II. G stays either on 2nd or on 4th floor. Hence, II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

7. (5); From I. According to Mohit, the possible days for Raju to complete his assignment are 4 days, 5 days, 6 days, 7 days or 8 days.
From II. According to Meena, possible days for Raju to complete his assignment are 8 days, 9 days or 10 days.
From I and II. 8 is common in both the statements. Hence Raju completes his assignment in 8 days.

8. (3);

 Hence, I is sufficient to answer the question.

Thus, either I or II is sufficient to answer the question.

9. (4); From I. D > A
From II. D > C
From I and II. School D has more students than A and C, but nothing has been said about B.
So, we can’t determine the school with the highest number of students among school A, B, C and D

(10-14):
10. (3)

11. (2)

12. (3)

13. (2); In all other pairs, the first person is second to the left of the second.

14. (1);  There is only one person C whose position remains unchanged.

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Reasoning Quiz For NICL Exam

Directions (Q. 1-4): Following are steps of an input. Rearrange them and answer the questions.

(A) metal offer arrange blue kite

(B) arrange blue kite metal offer

(C) kite metal offer arrange blue

(D) offer arrange blue kite metal

(E) kite metal blue offer arrange

1. Which of the following is Step III?

1) A 

2) B 

3) C 

4) D 

5) E

2. Which of the following is first from the right end of Step II?

1) arrange 

2) kite 

3) metal

4) blue 

5) None of these

3. Which of the following is Step V?

1) A 

2) B 

3) C

4) D 

5) E

4. Which of the following is Step IV?

1) A 

2) B 

3) C 

4) D 

5) E

Directions (Q. 5-6): Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to the group?

5. 

1) Stem 

2) Branch 

3) Leaf

4) Web 

5) Fruit

6. 

1) Clone 

2) Replica 

3) Duplicate

4) Copy 

5) Fake

Directions (Q. 7-11): Study the following information and answer the questions that follow:

In a certain code language, ‘hope to see you’ is coded as ‘re so na di’, ‘please come to see the party’ is coded as ‘fi ge na di ke zo’, ‘hope to come’ is coded as ‘di so ge’ and ‘see you the party’ is coded as ‘re fi zo na’.

7. How is ‘please’ coded in the given code language?

1) di 

2) ke 

3) fi 

4) na 

5) None of these

8. What does the code ‘so’ stand for in the given code language?

1) hope 

2) come 

3) see

4) to 

5) None of these

9. How is ‘party’ coded in the given code language?

1) Either ‘re’ or ‘fi’ 

2) Either ‘zo’ or ‘na’

3) Either ‘zo’ or ‘fi’ 

4) Either ‘zo’ or ‘ge’

5) Either ‘ke’ or ‘fi’

10. How will ‘please see you’ be coded in the given code language?

1) re na ke 

2) so re na 

3) zo re na

4) na di ke 

5) ke re ge

11. Which of the following will be coded as ‘so di re’ in the given code language?

1) you see hope 

2) hope you please

3) hope you come 

4) the hope to

5) you hope to

Answer:-

1. (1)

2. (4)

3. (2)

4. (4)

5. (4); Except 4), all are parts of tree.

6. (5); Except 5) all are synonyms.

(7-11):

hope to see you ➜  re so na di ... (i)

please come to see the party ➜  fi ge na di ke zo             ... (ii)

hope to come ➜  di so ge              ... (iii)

see you the party ➜  re fi zo na        ... (iv)

From (i), (ii) and (iii), to ➜  di       ... (v)

From (i), (iii) and (v), hope ➜  so  ... (vi)

From (ii), (iii) and (v), come ➜  ge  ... (vii)

From (i), (ii) and (iv), see ➜  na    ... (viii)

From (i), (iv) and (viii),

you ➜  re             ... (ix)

From (ii), (iv), (viii) and (ix)

the/party ➜  fi/zo             ... (x)

From (ii), (v), (vii), (viii) and (x),

please ➜  ke            ... (xi)

7. (2)

8. (1)

9. (3); Either fi or zo

10. (1); ke, na, re

11. (5)

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Reasoning Quiz For NICL Exam

Directions (Q. 1-4): Study the following information and answer the questions given below:

J, K, L, M, N, O, P and R are sitting around a circular table, facing the centre. Each of them was born in a different year – 1971, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1984, 1985 and 1990, but not necessarily in the same order. M is sitting second to the right of K. L is sitting third to the right of J. L and J were born before 1980. Only the one born in 1984 is sitting exactly between J and K. N, who is the eldest, is not an immediate neighbour of J or M. R is older than only M. R is sitting second to the left of P. P is not an immediate neighbour of N. J is younger than L. K was born before O.

l. Who is the second oldest in the group?

1) J

2) L

3) K

4) P

5) None of these

2. Who is sitting third to the right of O?

1) The one born in 1979

2) The one born in 1980

3) The one born in 1985

4) The one born in 1984

5) None of these

3. In which year was R born?

1) 1979

2) 1975

3) 1980

4) 1985

5) None of these

4. Which of the following statements is true regarding K?

1) K is sitting fourth to the right of R.

2) The one who was born in 1975 is on the immediate left of K.

3) K is younger than R.

4) There are four persons sitting between N and K.

5) None of these

Directions (Q. 5-10): In each of the questions below, three statements are given followed by conclusions/ group of conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume all the statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with the commonly known facts and then decide which of the given two conclusions logically follows from the information given in the statements. Give answer

1) if only conclusion I follows.

2) if only conclusion II follows.

3) if either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.

4) if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.

5) if both conclusions I and II follow.

(5-6):

Statements:                   All pens are books

                                       Some books are pages.

                                       All pages are papers.

5. Conclusion:                 I. No paper is a pen.

                                         II. At least some pages are pens.

6. Conclusions:               I. All books are papers.

                                        II. Some books are papers.

(7-8):

Statements:                      Some Ds are Gs.

                                          All Gs are Ks.

                                         All Ks are Ls.

7. Conclusions:               I. At least some Ds are Ls.

                                        II. All Gs are Ls.

8. Conclusions:              I. At least some Ks are Ds.

                                       II. All Ds are Ls.

(9-10):

Statements:                  Some files are folders.

                                      All folders are pockets.

                                     No pocket is a bag.

9. Conclusions:            I. All pockets are files.

                                     II. All files are bags.

10. Conclusions:         I. At least some bags are folders.

                                    II. All folders are files.

Answer :-
(1-4): Let us first solve the seating arrangement.

Now, come to the year of birth. L and J were born before 1980. N is the eldest. J is younger than L. Hence N – 1971, L – 1975, J – 1979.
R is older than only M. Hence R – 1985, M – 1990.
That leaves us with K, O and P. The years left are 1980, 1981 and 1984. The one sitting between J and K was born in 1984.
Hence P – 1984. K was born before O.
Hence K – 1980, O – 1981.
1. (2)
2. (1)
3. (4)
4. (5)

(5-(10):
5. (4); Some books are pages (I) + All pages are papers (A) = I + A = I = Some books are papers.
Now, All pens are books (A) + Some books are papers (I) = A + I = No conclusion. Hence conclusion I does not follow.
Again, All pens are books (A) + Some books are pages (I) = A + I = No conclusion. Hence conclusion II does not follow.

6. (2); Some books are pages (I) + All pages are papers (A) = I + A = I = Some books are papers. Hence conclusion II follows. But I
does not follow.

7. (5); All Gs are Ks (A) + All Ks are Ls (A) = A + A = A = All Gs are Ls. Hence conclusion II follows.
Again, Some Ds are Gs (I) + All Gs are Ls (A) = I + A = I = Some Ds are Ls. Hence, conclusion I follows.

8. (1); Some Ds are Gs (I) + All Gs are Ks (A) = I + A = I = Some Ds are Ks ? conversion ?  Some Ks are Ds. Hence conclusion I follows.
Again, Some Ds are Ks (I) + All Ks are Ls (A) = I + A = I = Some Ds are Ls. Hence conclusion II does not follow.

9. (4); Some files are folders (I) + All folders are pockets (A) = I + A = I = Some files are pockets. Hence conclusion I does not follow.
Again, Some files are pockets (I) + No pocket is a bag (E) = I + E = O = Some files are not bags. Hence conclusion II does not follow.

10. (4); All folders are pockets (A) + No pocket is a bag (E) = A +E = E = No folders are bags. Hence conclusion I does not follow.
Again, from first statement conclusion II does not follow.

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